Many votes that are exhausted are so because they are marked for candidates who are already elected.
The voter of such has the satisfaction of seeing his preferred candidate elected even though his vote had not been required to assist the candidate to do so.] (
Catherine Helen Spence made this point in her essay published in Sandford Fleming's Essays on Rectification of Parliament (1893) (page 98).
She also stated
"I advocated proportional representation under the title of Effective Voting, [and found] everyone knew of how many votes were wasted at every election. Many knew instances where more votes were lost than were utilized."
Other applicable names:
"The reform goes under many names, preferential voting, equal representation, distributive voting, the Single Transferable Vote, representation of minorities. It deserves all these titles. It is equal because it is proportional; it is proportional because it is transferable; it represents minorities as fairly as majorities, it is worked by distributing surplus and minus votes preferentially.
Because it is all these things, it is effective. .."
More of her writing is presented in blog "Fleming Essays on Rectification of Parliament". Another blog reprints her instructions for conducting demonstration STV elections.
Thanks for reading.
(See my blog "list of Montopedia blogs concerning electoral reform" to find other blogs on this important subject.)
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