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Proportional Representation good for women's representation - often first woman elected in a city or province was due to PR

  • Tom Monto
  • Aug 3
  • 2 min read

The ability of PR (STV) to elect women is shown in Canadian history.


The first city election in Calgary and Winnipeg elected a woman each, the first for each city.


The first Manitoba election to use STV (in Winnipeg) elected a woman MLA, the first in that province.


Alberta had elected two women in 1917 without aid of PR, but that could be seen as a fluke.


Roberta McAdams was elected by creative use of Block Voting that was used to elect two Army representatives. The army was dispersed and it seems the candidates each had own supporters among the troops who they led or lived with, Robert McAdams was the only woman candidate, and used the slogan "give one vote to the man of your choice and your other to the Sister." (Nursing Sister)


Louise McKinney was the only farmer candidate in Claresholm district so it seems was elected due to strength of the farmer vote in the district, not necessarily due to her personal appeal or to her gender.


(use of STV used in Edmonton city elections 1923-1927 did not produce any women city councillors.)


use of STV in provincial elections in Edmonton and Calgary in 1926 provincial election and 1930 provincial election produced no woman MLAs


but using STV, Calgary elected Edith Gostick in 1935, and Rose Wilkinson in 1944, 1948, 1952.


so 18 years after women suffrage achieved (and the third election since STV came into use), the first woman MLA elected in Alberta under STV.


This seems slow compared to:

BC -- woman elected using FPTP in 1918 only a year after women's suffrage. she was widow of sitting member who passed.

(note that the next woman MLA (Nancy Hodges) was elected in 1941, more than 20 years later.)


Saskatchewan -- woman elected using FPTP in 1919 only two years after women's suffrage. she was widow of sitting member who passed.

(next woman MLA (Beatrice Trew) was elected in 1944, 25 years later.)


Dominion of NFLD -- elected first woman MLA in 1930, five years after women's suffrage.   she was wife of NFLD Prime Minister.

(next woman MLA (Hazel McIsaac) was elected in 1975, 45 years later.)


But other than those first women MLAs elected in BC, Sask and NFLD (elected in part due to their marriage or widowhood), 

Alberta using STV elected women sooner than BC, Sask and NFLD would elect their second women MLAs.


and Alberta under STV elected women MLAs much sooner than these five provinces:

Ontario which elected its first women MLAs in 1940s, 20 years after women suffrage.


PEI, which elected its first woman MLA in 1951, almost 30 years after women suffrage.


Nova Scotia, which elected its first women MLAs in 1960, 42 years after women suffrage.


Quebec, which elected its first women MNA in 1961, 20 years after women suffrage.


New Brunswick, which elected its first woman MLA in 1967, almost 50 years after women suffrage.

=======================================


Likely open-list List PR would achieve same good results for women as STV.


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History | Tom Monto Montopedia is a blog about the history, present, and future of Edmonton, Alberta. Run by Tom Monto, Edmonton historian. Fruits of my research, not complete enough to be included in a book, and other works.

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