Basically, it is a transferable voting system where candidates, not voters alone, determine how votes are transferred. Sometimes both vote tallies and candidates are used to set vote transfers, in which case voters do have input into how votes are to be transferred.
Ranked votes are not used.
Brief description of the Gove system can be found in Wikipedia: Single Transferable Voting under "Related systems" and in the Wikipedia article "Indirect STV".
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