The Wikipedia "Proportional representation" article is good as far as it goes
but:
-the example given for STV just has two parties competing for seats. That vote structure is fine to show how a party with a majority of votes will take two of the three seats in the district but it is not a common sitution in real life - usually three or four parties or more compete for seats, especially as any candidate with at least 25 percent of the vote will be elected.
In a real-life STV contest, the vote may be shared over four parties just as in the next examples of MMP and MMM elections. in that case, under STV, votes found to be ineffective (those cast for candidates of Party C and D) would be transferred to the candidates of party A or B that the voter preferred, thus creating the two party contest that is shown in the example in the Wikipedia article.
Under STV, to make up the 200-seat legislature as large as in the examples of list PR and MMP that are found alongside the STV example, about 67 3-seat districts would be used.
Or likely fewer districts, with more seats in each, would be used - one form of STV in Australia uses a district with 21 members being elected at once.
With a larger district magnitude, it is possible for a candidate of Party C or D to be elected in a district, making the outcome under STV somewhat fair even for a less-popular party.
-Another error of the article is saying that parallel voting is mixed-member majoritarian when not all parallel voting systems are MMM.
the third M in "MMM" stands for majoritarian which refers to First past the post, which is not majoritarian at all, at least not dependably when three or more candidates compete for a single position.
what is meant is a parallel voting system where some of the members are elected through first past the post and the others through PR but separately.
Now was that so difficult?
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