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Tom Monto

List of Montopedia blogs concerning electoral reform as of May 2021

Updated: Jun 29, 2023

List of articles concerning electoral reform

on blogsite Montopedia

produced by Tom Monto


Below is list of blogs produced from 2019 to May 2021


As well, lists of more recent blogs can be found here:

https://montopedia.wixsite.com/montopedia/post/montopedia-blogs-on-electoral-reform-of-2021-2022


In these blogs I point out

weaknesses of the single-winner First Past The Past system currently used in provincial and federal elections in Canada

need for proportional representation in a democracy,

possible replacement electoral systems, and

my preference for preferential voting (STV in multi-member districts; AV inexisting single-member districts).


In particular, subjects covered by blogs include:


Weaknesses of FPTP

- 2019 Alberta election

- 2019 federal election

- Alberta NDP under-represented since its founding in 1961

- 2018 Ontario election

- Edmonton city elections

-


City of Edmonton electoral reform

-- ease of grouping wards to make multi-member districts

-- new single-member wards for 2021 will make little difference -- still many votes

will be wasted; minorities, not majorities, will be represented


History of Canadian governments changing electoral systems


Variety of electoral systems that Canadian governments have used


How do we bring about electoral reform?


Weakness of the U.S. electoral college system


Multi-member districts

(all forms of PR use multi-member districts/at-large elections. This alone has benefits whether you use party-list PR, STV or SNTV.)

- Multi-member districts are key to having a range of candidates and representative legislatures



Proportional representation

(a family of systems including party-list pro-rep and

STV, which used to be called "the British form of pro-rep")


[Guide to keywords:

preferential voting = ranked ballots = single transferable votes = Alternative Voting or STV

Preferential Voting = Alternative Voting

Single Transferable Voting (STV) = PR-STV]



Single Transferable Voting (STV)

- how it works

- Sandford Fleming's 1893 book Essays on the rectification of Parliament

Catherine Helen Spence


- history of use of STV in Canadian history

- Edmonton city elections 1923-1927

- Election of Edmonton MLAs 1924-1955

- 1926 Alberta provincial election

- Election of Edmonton and Calgary MLAs in 1948

- Alberta provincial elections 1924-1955

- Manitoba provincial elections 1920-1952

- Winnipeg city elections 1920-1960s and 1970s

- 100th anniversary of the first Winnipeg city election to use PR-STV

- Western Canadian cities (20 Western Canadian cities used STV in 150 elections)

- Why was provincial STV dropped in Alberta and Manitoba?


- STV - what it is and how to make it happen now!


Tasmania and STV

Catherine Helen Spence

Bass, Australia STV election in 1998


Australia and STV

2020 Australian election - STV proved its worth


Alternative Voting (AV) (also known as Instant-Runoff Voting)

- how Alternative Voting works

-- AV defended from untrue criticism

"Attack on Preferential Voting based on shaky grounds"

- history of use of Alternative Voting

- BC elections in 1952, 1953

- New York has adopted AV as of 2019

- Aspen, Colorado used quasi-AV in 2009 -- "total schmozzle"

- Maine has adopted AV for elections of congressmen, STV affected 2018 outcome

- London, Ontario adopted AV

- London, Ontario forced by Ontario Ford government to give up AV


Party-list pro-rep

-- Ranked ballots versus party-list pro-rep


Single Non Transferable Voting

* SNTV pretty proportional and much more so than FPTP

* SNTV allows diversity of candidates and representatives


==============================================


List of my blogs concerning electoral reform

as of May 2021


(Bold indicates blogs I am most proud of.)

(The order of the blogs will change as or if I update them. But they can be located by title

by going to the blogsite and using the search function (control/F))

--------------------------




Policy lurches, referendums and PR Dec. 30, 2020 Proportional representation History Alberta

few policy lurches caused by change of government in AB history

Swiss use of referendums and pro-rep

Elise Stolts, Edmonton Journal article

Manitoba Direct Legislation....UFM

Alberta Direct Legislation ... UFA .... STV/AV


Pro-rep means sensitive response to different voting behaviour Proportional representation Current Events

More votes means more success under STV in most cases despite what naysayers say Proportional representation FACTS


Communicating pro-rep to politicians History Current Events Proportional representation

=================

Reasons why politicians would want Pro-rep:

Under FPTP there are many accidental elections of a candidate who has just a minority of the vote...

Under PR, loss of a seat would be less accidental. A small changes in vote tallies is exaggerated under FPTP often...

This makes governments unstable and defensive...

Opposition parties are sidelined and get little respect...

FPTP surprise Candidate running for election on behalf of a governing party too often find that their party has suffered small drop in popularity and has become a runt party...

FPTP often allows change in local situation to have great effect on the legislature...

Question: Do party leaders really benefit from regionalism within their own jurisdiction?...

FPTP often allows change in local situation to have great effect on government...

Under STV, there would be more opportunity for respect to those with seniority, if the voters desire to grant it...

a politician elected under FPTP has the uncertainty of not knowing whether he or she was chosen because of own ability and credibility or because of the party label...

You have assurance under STV...

Under STV there would be less acrimonious polarization. ...

However switching from FPTP to STV will improve some candidates' chances and hurt others' chances...

Wider geographic range under STV = less gerrymandering...

In summary, PR would make governments less subject to wild fluctuations, give more stability, decrease glad-handing, give politicians more respect, stimulate more intelligent debate.

===================== Edmonton city council is unpopular - and always was - but will prob. be re-elected. FPTP is to blame


2021 is the anniversary of three events in Canada's election story

UFA election

last STV election held in Canada Calgary city

1971 election of Peter Lougheed government



Fair Representation Act if passed would bring fairness to U.S. federal elections


STV would produce more diversity "at the table" on Edmonton city council


STV - what it is, what it meant to voters and why it left provincial and city elections

Canada and U.S. Ashtabula Calgary

Alberta Manitoba 1924 1955 1956 1959 1971


First Past the Post cheats voters in every province

2019 Canada election



Fair representation for all though STV and multi-member districts


What kind of electoral reform do we want? And what does local mean?


Effective Voting is a must for a proper democracy

Catherine Helen Spence Tasmania Australia Fleming Rectification of the Parliament


Sandford Fleming Rectification of the Parliament

Fleming's 1893 book is reproduced here in five parts:

Fleming Rectification of the Parliament part 1

Fleming Rectification of the Parliament part 2

Fleming Rectification of the Parliament part 3 Catherine Helen Spence

Fleming Rectification of the Parliament part 4

Fleming Rectification of the Parliament part 5


Ottawa, many cities have many more councillors than Edmonton

Edmonton city council Edmonton city elections



Voters marking only one preference in STV elections not large problem

Electoral Reform Society (UK) Australia


SNTV preferable to Cumulative Voting


What is Representation? One Woman MLA not enough - but in 1920 it was sign of women's growing power


The Gove plan - an easy vote transfer mechanism


2021 Pro-rep anniversaries


Women's success under STV is uncertain but more likely than under FPTP. Same for Communist and Left

Winnipeg 1920

Alberta MLAs - Edith Gostick, Rose Wilkinson Stella Baker Hattersley Butterworth Murdoch Ethel Wilson Laurette Douglas Holowach


"Diversity at the table" requested by city council candidate, pro-rep would do it


2022 Quebec electoral reform referendum


STV produces majority rule. FPFP too often produces minority rule


Alberta brought in STV in successive steps 1913-1924

timeline Calgary Lethbridge Edmonton city provincial


xx


Alternative Voting, STV better than existing system in avoiding minority rule Proportional representation Alberta History


Vote-splitting causes poor results. Transferable votes solve that problem Current Events Proportional representation


Cumulative Voting not as good as STV Proportional representation Current Events

Alberta under FPTP - governments with more seats than support Alberta History Proportional representation

Winnipeg Free Press claimed credit for STV in Winnipeg History Proportional representation

THE WASTE OF VOTES UNDER OUR PRESENT VOTING SYSTEM History Current Events Proportional representation

What do we want? EFFECTIVE VOTING... When do we want it? NOW. Proportional representation Current Events

100th anniversary of the first Winnipeg city election to use PR-STV History Proportional representation

Timeline of provincial elections where women could vote Alberta History Proportional representation


What do Queen Alexandra and Elmer Roper have in common? A tale of district names Alberta History Proportional representation

Prof. says Canadians want regionalism addressed, not unfair electoral system, but one made the other Alberta Current Events Proportional representation

Calgary-Varsity's frequent change of MLAs caused by FPTP in this artificial, small district Alberta History Proportional representation

FPTP produces oversize governments, wrong-winners, etc. Current Events Proportional representation

Single Transferable Voting in an Alberta context Alberta History Proportional representation

1926 STV Edmonton provincial election reviewed by STV authority Hallett Proportional representation

Edmonton Affairs Alberta History

George Hallett Edmonton Journal article 1926



Canada's minority rule -- Federal FPTP produces odd results and always has

Proportional representation

here is old link, which worked in 2023:





20 Western Canadian cities used STV between 1917 and 1971 Proportional representation

Alberta History Current Event


Edmonton and Calgary STV elections in 1948 Proportional representation History Alberta Nov 26


This STV fable shows the random-ness of FPTP and the reliability of STV Proportional representation Current Events Nov 25


Why was provincial STV dropped in Alberta and Manitoba? Alberta History


SNTV pretty proportional and much more so than FPTP

Why was provincial STV dropped in Alberta and Manitoba?

Nov. 25, 2020

1959 Edmonton election


SNTV pretty proportional and much more so than FPTP

Single Non Transferable Voting

Single Transferable Voting


SNTV allows diversity of candidates and representatives

Single Non Transferable Voting

ACE Electoral Knowledge Network SNTV entry parsed and dissected


STV - what it is and how to make it happen now!

Single Transferable Voting

history of STV in Alberta and Western Canada


excerpt: ...This was how it consistently operated in the 46 Calgary city elections it was used between 1917 and 1971. STV was also used by 19 other Western Canadian cities, including the capital cities of all the western provinces. It was used in eight provincial elections to elect Calgary and Edmonton MLAs between 1926 and 1955 and to elect Winnipeg MLAs in 9 elections....



"Patience, intelligence and clear statement"

how to convince others of need for electoral reform or of anything


STV in Canadian cities as described in 1930

Joseph P. Harris

"Practical Workings of proportional representation in the U.S. and Canada"

National Municipal Review, 19 (5) May 1930 (pages 337-383)

Includes list of STV referendums


STV elections in Edmonton 1923 to 1927

... Edmonton elections from 1923 to 1927 used STV for multiple-winner elections -- councillors and school board trustees, all elected at large. ...

results of city-level STV elections in Edmonton 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927


STV as part of MMP is way to go

Mixed-Member Proportional

scheme of MMP for Canada envisioned



What the P.R. League Advocates (1922)

"WHAT WE ADVOCATE" and a collection of miscellaneous explanatory and inspirational message pertaining to STV circa 1922

Ireland

What is STV? (1902) (also used as running footnote on many blogs)



What STV is (1924)

What P.R. is

Only a bit technical

Explains mechanics of STV


From Izena Ross to Jan Reimer to Sarah Hamilton, women have tried their luck in Edmonton elections

Sometimes it just takes a person to step forward and do something for something to happen. The first woman to be elected to Edmonton's city council was the first woman to run....

Woman candidates listed from 1921 2018


One vote under STV = one Effective Vote, in most cases.

Multiple votes = mostly ineffective votes

Nov. 13, 2020

Gives answer to "Why does each voter cast only one vote in a multi-member district under STV?"


New technology -- something to be suspicious of

new Canada Post demands, CDs, DVDs


Democracy Index 2019 -- Canada versus Denmark

... Canada is tied with Denmark for #7.

Canada beats Denmark on "Functioning of government" and "Civil liberties".

Denmark beats us on "Electoral system and pluralism"...

Of the 23 "Full Democracies," all but two use proportional representation of some sort.

The 21 pro-rep countries among the Full Democracies include two that use STV.

Ireland is #6.

Australia (#9) uses pro-rep just for Senate elections.

the only non-PR countries listed as Full Democracies are Canada and the UK...

Some pro-rep systems are more proportional than others...



STV would address rural-urban disparity

[by making all elections fairer]

... The artificial FPTP-created City-versus-Country jealousy...



WEXIT and Pro-Rep

... Ontario and Quebec do have the most voters and the most seats. Our present system actually over-represents rural areas compared to cities, and over-represents less-populous provinces compared to most populous ones....


Canadian election system quicker than the U.S. but both unfair. STV is the answer.

... we should not derive much pleasure from comparing our system to the system used in the U.S., a system invented in the 1700s.

Instead we should compare ourselves to European countries, most of which use party-list proportional representation....


How to present an STV election

advice for newspaper writers and historians how to report on an STV election, to give readers and voters proper picture of what happened


A ranked voting system that does not use numbers

pick word that best describes the candidate... a curiosity


Give me STV with rural-urban disparity if it means end to FPTP and its massive vote waste

response to "Kamloops Armchair Mayor" (Rothenburger, CFCJ Today, Nov. 1, 2020)

District-level pro-rep such as created by STV allows

- local representation (even if in larger districts than the current small single-member districts, but still at the city or county level)

- proportional rep (at the district level), and even

- unequal voter-to-member ratio from district to district - if desired to overcome how urban voters could overwhelm rural voters.

... If the ratio of 7 urban voters to four rural voters was taken as a rule, the difference between urban voters and rural voters at that ratio - less than a 100 percent disparity - compares well to the crazy disparities and wastage under FPTP. ...



FPTP means representatives not accountable

Nov. 4, 2020

An anti-pro-rep pundit wrote recently that under FPTP "The winning candidate is accountable to electors into the next election."

Under FPTP, many representatives are elected with only the support of a minority of the voters in the district.

If someone was elected by a minority of the votes, how is he or she accountable to the voters in the next election?...


Polls cannot predict almost-random elections -- U.S. pres. included

Nov. 4, 2020


WEXIT threatens federal Conservative prospects

A pollster on CBC this morning (October 30) said that the rising Wexit sentiment should be source of concern for federal Conservative politicians.

If Wexit rises to takes ten seats, that means it may cause the loss of 25 Tory seats. This is due to the close contests there.

All of this can be traced to the First past the post system....


STV vote transfers deny election to only a few first-count leaders

The first count of votes in a STV election pretty much determines who will be elected in the end. But that result is not certain. Transfers caused by eliminations of least-popular candidates may create change. If a first-count leader is not as widely acceptable to voters as another candidate, he or she will not be elected. The transfers where they do not make any change are more safeguards of democracy than anything else.

Looking at the STV elections of MLAs in Edmonton and Calgary from 1926 to 1955, we see this to be true...

but one or more are changed almost every time.

The election of a candidate of a party not previously present in the leaders in the first count occurred in seven of the eight STV elections in Edmonton and six of the eight STV elections in Calgary....

An example of an election deeply affected by vote transfers but with no effect on party representation (final results versus first count)

STV election in 1952 in Edmonton. Seven MLAs elected....



Cherished rural over-representation no obstacle to adoption of STV.

STV being district-based, district disparities can be continued or be quelled.



That is minority rule, and it is wrong. You could even say it is unconstitutional!

RE: National Post article Colby Cosh "The case that could prove Canadian elections were unconstitutional all along" (Sept. 25, 2020

...The present system denies representation to the relative minority groups of voters while awarding seats to candidates who do not have the support of a majority of voters in their districts.

That is minority rule, and it is wrong. You could even say it is unconstitutional!


this blog (or a different one) was later updated and renamed:



Gove and List plans ease STV in far-flung ridings

A problem with STV is that votes have to be gathered together in a central location for the transfers. This can cause delay (maybe even as much as the two-week delay to count mail-in votes that is happening in BC right now.) Anyways C.G. Hoag, in his pamphlet Effective Voting (1914), described two systems where votes do not have to be gathered together to allow vote transfers....


On the Poles, no, not the polls

Poland uses a proportional representation system for its elections....


STV for Canada -- for the right reasons. Vancouver island as test case.

The "STV for Canada" website provides a model of the outcome for federal election if STV was brought in in Vancouver island and Toronto. But the group's expectation of STV's performance varies from mine. And its mathematical analysis is somewhat weak, to my way of thinking...

Toronto test case



SNTV ensures mixed rep -- no single party takes all of a district's seats

Oct. 30

SNTV a form of Limited Voting


Making "odd" multi-member districts


In Federal elections

Votes = minorities or slight majorities

Seats = massive majority all too often

This low popularity of our ruling parties is not reflected in the large majorities shown by seat counts in the House of Common


Six reasons to like STV

1. It has already been used successfully in Canada at every level of government except the federal one. Seventeen cities have used it, in more than 150 elections. Two provincial governments used it, in 17 elections....

3. it is district-level so could be brought in incrementally. Alberta and Manitoba used it in provincial elections only in the major cities. Where it was brought in, it did good and did no harm to the other places. Better to have some of the seats elected through STV than to have none elected that way...


local representation is even guaranteed. Representation of a particular sub-district is guaranteed if the voters there add up to quota and concentrate their choices on their locality's candidates. This guarantee should satisfy those worried about the loss of local representation under multi-member districts...


Four parties elected - delayed in our history due to FPTP. That fairness achievable under pro-rep

1896

1921

BC Nationalist party of socialists


Canada votes Conservative only when Republican in White House. it's just a fact

At least no Conservative majority government has ever been elected by a majority of the votes when a Democrat in the White House


Federal ridings could be base of STV districts. Why not?

scheme of multi-member districts in Alberta


Watersheds and cities could be key to Alberta STV districts. Let's try it soon!


Five-member STV districts proposed for Alberta (1935)

Oct. 28


Alberta's false majority governments

Alberta has never had a minority government, where no party received a majority of the seats. But many times an Alberta party has taken less than a majority of the votes and was still elected to a majority of the seats in the legislature

STV elections

FPTP elections 1971, 1989, 1993, 2004, 2012, 2015



So much for Alternative Voting in London, Ontario

The Conservative government of Ontario is using the pandemic as reason to stop the move toward preferential voting and proportional representation.



Mixed and roughly proportional representation is already created in the first count in STV elections

The important feature of an STV election is which candidates are among the front runners in the first count. However many seats are up for grabs in the election, that same number of front runners are mostly going to be the ones who will be elected in the end.

But luckily already in the first count the front runners are mixed, representing different parties. They also reflect the views of the substantial groupings among the district's voters as regards gender, ethnic group, etc...


2020 Australian election - STV proved its worth

Australian Capital Territory, October 2020 Greens with 14 percent of the vote took 6 out of 25 seats.

Was this proportional? No.

Was it what voters wanted? Yes.

Proportionality of party representation is just measure of one aspect of an STV election...

The results must by definition be representative of the voters' sentiments because they were produced by the voters' marked preferences....

The vote transfers made little difference in the result versus the first preferences...

A candidate can win a seat with pretty much only his or her original first count support as long as he or she is popular enough not to be eliminated...


FPTP screwed up 1921 federal election, Winnipeg STV expert Ronald Hooper said

Canada's First Past the Post system creates various un-proportionality and other negative aspects. FPTP causes unstable minority government, made worse by parties' hope for a lucky break, the loss of valuable members of House of Commons and the exaggeration of regionalism.

All this was known a full hundred years ago.

Stability

Electoral reformer Ronald Hooper noted in 1922 that if STV had been in use in the 1921 federal election, the resulting government would have been more stable....


"The majority must govern, but the minority should be heard. That is scarcely the case" (1884)

Oct. 17, 2020

Extract from 1884 article entitled "Proportional Representation" by Robert B. Hayward

Problems with FPTP:

"1. majority representation, merely counting majorities and not weighing them, does not secure that a majority of electors shall always command a majority of representatives.

2. the results of [FPTP] generally deviate widely from the ideal, which is proportional representation.

3. in large groups of generally similar districts, majority representation [FPTP] gives an excessive preponderance in the representation to the party that has the majority.

4. majority representation is unstable. Small shifting majorities have an undue influence on the representation, enormously exaggerating the fluctuations of political opinion in the country at large."...

(from The Nineteenth Century, Volume 15 (Jan.-June 1884))


Proportional Representation is leading plank of UFA platform (1921)

A month before the great 1921 provincial election, the Red Deer News broadcast the United Farmers' campaign promises under a proud headline.

"Farmers Platform in Alberta Campaign --

Proportional Representation, with preferential ballots and Direct Legislation,

leading planks in platform."

A special committee of the UFA organization composed this declaration of principles...


Opinions on Canadian municipal STV (1924)

Opinions on municipal STV

From Proportional Representation Review, April 1924 (p. 52-85)

... Vancouver and Victoria...

Winnipeg

St. James

Calgary

Edmonton

Regina

Saskatoon

Moose Jaw

North Battleford

West Vancouver

Vancouver

Victoria

New Westminster

Nelson

Mission

Port Coquitlam


"15 percent Supplemental members not enough"

MMP BC 2018 referendum


Edmonton's new ward names "ironic", "mere window dressing", says pro-democracy activist

-- Irony of Indigenous names for new wards

-- the natural justice of indigenous societies contrasted with unfair FPTP city elections

-- balanced representation was produced in Winnipeg when it used STV in city elections



The system we currently use in provincial and federal elections, and in Edmonton city elections often fails us. It allows a minority to have representation while the majority do not. ...



What is STV? (1902)

[some of this is used as appendix to many blogsites]


This is how to hold a STV rally -- Tasmania, 1902 Oct. 16, 2020

Catherine Helen Spence

Robert Tyson "of Canada" -- biographical notes

1926 -- STV used in four places in the world

- Western Canada, Tasmania/Australia, Ireland and Malta


Tasmania's STV today differs from old Alberta STV but both fair and just

- Examination of STV election held in Bass, Australia 1998 election

- Mechanics of Tasmania's STV vote counting, exposed and compared to the one that was used in Alberta provincial elections

- Tasmania, Australia



Elbert's Local Transferable Vote -- large rural districts may be hard sell but local representation guarantees may help sell them

Leonid A. Elbert submission to 2016 House of Commons Special Committee

Leonid A. Albert of Moncton, New Brunswick




Hare quota may be way to go

In Single Transferable Voting (STV), the quota is an important and complicated part of the equation. But it does not have to be either of those things.



Commonsense simplifications of STV urged in 1930

Joseph P. Harris

"Practical Workings of proportional representation in the U.S. and Canada"

National Municipal Review, 19 (5) May 1930 (pages 337-383)

The following includes many extracts from the article.

other names offered for STV:

Choice Voting

[Other names that have been proposed for Proportional Representation:

Australia's old-time STC campaigner Catherine Helen Spence, preferred the term Effective Voting.

One of Canada's old-time STC campaigners, Sir Richard Cartwright, preferred the term Proportionate Representation...

list of STV referendums in Canada (Harris, p. 367


Voters casting multiple votes cause confusion

When voters can cast multiple votes, confusion reigns over the determination of the popularity of the candidates elected



Multi-member districts key to having a range of candidates and representative legislatures

Oct. 7, 2020

Multi-member districts may be key to voters having variety of candidates to choose from and to consistently electing broadly-based legislatures. FPTP is a system where only one representative is elected in each district. But multi-member districts, used in a variety of electoral systems, create healthier elections and broadly-based legislatures if the electoral system is at all fair.



STV eliminations are arbitrary but only decisive in some cases

Back when people considered such things, they had a problem with STV's arbitrary rule to eliminate the least-popular candidate during the vote counts. ...

It may be arbitrary. But it is no more arbitrary than the First Past The Post's arbitrary election of the one with more votes than any other,


STV demonstration election

Catherine Helen Spence explained how she held demonstration STV elections to give citizens practical experience with the voting system.

how many votes

how many seats

how many candidates

how to verify representative-ness of results

(these tests are transferable to real elections)





"Preferential Ballots", published in 1914, listed benefits of Alternative Voting

"Preferential Ballots", published in 1914, listed the benefits of the Preferential Voting system, which is pretty much the Alternative Voting system that is used today in city elections in London, Ontario and New York City, ...



Under Alternative Voting, vote-splitting will not ensure minority success

An important benefit of Preferential Ballots (meaning Alternative Voting, also known as "Instant-Runoff Voting) is that a minority group cannot benefit from vote-splitting among a larger group.



FPTP shamed in 1914 "Preferential Ballot" essay History Proportional representation

Preferential Ballots used back in 1914. Bucklin system was used but it had problem - discouraged voters from marking back-up preferences. AV and STV has a problem - the arbitrary elimination of the least-popular candidate where necessary - but this problem is not as bad. Sept., 2020



Edmonton city elections are honestly reported - the surprise is what they don't say

Re-statement of the democratic failings of the 2018 Edmonton city election of city councillors and chiding of the official election result result for not telling all that voters may want to know

Oct. 8, 2020


STV eliminations are arbitrary but only decisive in some cases



Multi-member districts key to having a range of candidates and representative legislatures

STV SNTV



STV multi-member districts produce fair and mixed representation




"Preferential Ballots", published in 1914, listed benefits of Alternative Voting

Sept. 30, 2020


Under Alternative Voting, vote-splitting will not ensure minority success

Sept. 30, 2020


Advantages of STV's multi-member districts Alberta History Proportional representation Sept., 2020


Exhausted votes does not mean un-represented Proportional representation History Sept., 2020


Proxy Plan (interactive representation) proposed in 1893

Proportional representation History

[Proxy Plan (interactive representation) was proposed for legislatures whereby elected representatives would wield as many votes as they received in the previous election.

This was mentioned in an essay in Sanford Fleming's 1893 book Essays on Rectification of Parliament.]

Sept. 2020


2018 Ontario election disproportional, minority ruled updated Sept, 2020

Proportional representation History

Overall the results of the 2018 Ontario Election were disproportional to the voters' support for the parties. As well, a large number of MLAs were elected without the approval of a majority of the voters in their district...


Many provincial governments have changed their electoral systems Proportional representation History Alberta Sept. 2020


2009 Aspen preferential voting election a total schmozzle History Proportional representation Sept., 2020


Four threats to U.S. democracy today History Current Events Proportional representation Sept., 2020


Attack on Preferential Voting based on shaky grounds Current Events Proportional representation Sept., 2020

-- Alternative Voting

-- Aspen, Colorado


Maine has adopted Alternative Voting History Current Events Proportional representation Sept., 2020


Electoral reform may be coming - a little anyway Proportional representation Current Events History Sept., 2020


The Old North West - a place to get it right Alberta History Proportional representation Sept., 2020


Edmonton Bulletin called for majority rule 1884, mirrors today's call for Effective Voting Alberta History Current Events Books and writers Proportional representation Sept., 2020


U.S. reform governor later active in Edmonton politics - John W. Leedy Alberta History Proportional representation Sept., 2020


Alberta's STV produced wide representation, wasted few votes Alberta History Proportional representation Sept., 2020


1926 Edmonton election proved STV's fairness Alberta History Proportional representation Sept., 2020


One reader's review of my STV blogs Proportional representation Sep 19


Effect of STV on our House of Commons today Proportional representation Current Events History Sept., 2020


Nominations are important but STV covers it. Proportional representation History Alberta Sep 17


U.S. electoral college -- Congressional district method seldom effective History Proportional representation Sep 16


What if the 2016 U.S. pres. election had been held using Alternative Voting? History Current Events Proportional representation Sep 16


Ernest Brown called for democratic pro-rep Proportional representation Alberta History Sep 12


What is conserved under Conservative rule? Current Events Proportional representation FACTS Sep 11


What were the five main parties of Alberta's history? Alberta History Current Events Proportional representation Sep 11


2019 Alberta election -- how many wasted votes? Proportional representation Alberta History Sep 11


What are Alberta's four main parties? Alberta History Proportional representation Sep 10


Was Ralph Klein popular as premier? Alberta History Proportional representation Sep 10


Was Klein popular in 1993? Alberta History Proportional representation Sep 10


Alternative Voting (a form of Preferential Voting) ensures majority rule Proportional representation History Current Events Proportional representation

to be elected under AV, a candidate must have a majority of the votes involved.

party leaders elected through AV

Jason Kenny was elected Alberta Conservative (UCP) leader through AV, taking a majority of UCP members' votes cast.

AV uses transferable votes so there is no vote-splitting. Sep 9 (see also "Alternative Voting is much preferable because it is preferential")


London, ON -- first gov't to use Alternative Voting since 1971 History Proportional representation Sep 9


Variety of electoral systems used in Canada's past Alberta History Proportional representation Sep 5


Have Canadian governments ever changed electoral systems? Proportional representation History Alberta Sep 5


Suffragette Emmeline Pankhurst in Edmonton History Alberta Proportional representation Sep 4


1894 Ontario election

(one of the first appearances of a "third party" in Canada)

farmers' Patrons of Industry, anti-Catholics' Protestant Protective Association History Proportional representation Sep 4


ALHI discussion of way forward for labour History Current Events Proportional representation Sep 4


Democracy in Edmonton -- how do we get it? Edmonton Affairs Proportional representation Sep 3


Alternative Voting is much preferable because it is preferential Proportional representation History Alberta

[Alternative Voting (AKA Instant-runoff Voting) does not necessarily produce proportional representation or increase voter turnout or build coalitions, as Harold Jansen, in his Canadian Journal of Political Science article "The Political Consequences of the Alternative Vote: Lessons from Western Canada" pointed out. It does ensure that to be elected a candidate must receive, or accumulate through vote transfers, a majority of the votes in the district. At the district level, this ensures majority rule and prevents minority rule.] Sept., 2020


There are Paper Votes and then there are Paper Votes Edmonton Affairs Proportional representation Sep 3


Ray Martin called for electoral reform in recent Alberta Primetime broadcast Proportional representation History Alberta Sep 2


Check out "Cleese on PR (full length)" on Youtube. Proportional representation History Current Events Aug 16


New York has adopted Alternative Voting Current Events Proportional representation Aug 16


2018 BC referendum - many districts in favour of change Proportional representation History Aug 12


BC-STV animated video, quota, surplus transfers explained Proportional representation Aug 7


1952 SC victory in BC result of voter choice under Alternative Voting History Proportional representation Aug 5


1952 BC election - Alternative Voting produced unexpected but fair results History Proportional representation Aug 5


How do we bring about electoral reform? Proportional representation Current Events History Proportional representation Jul 24


London Ontario's Alternative Voting election in 2018 History Proportional representation Jul 23


BC and Alberta -- very, very different politics Current Events History Proportional representation Jul 10


1952, 1955 Edm elections shows effect of STV Alberta History Proportional representation Jul 10


15 percent supplemental seats not enough History Current Events Proportional representation Jul 8


Strathcona's MLAs - two premiers and mostly NDP since 1972 Alberta History Proportional representation Jul 7


Alberta provincial electoral districts - how they changed Alberta History Current Events Proportional representation Jul 7


Edmonton Left un-represented from 1956 to 1982 Alberta History Proportional representation Jul 7


Alberta's 1948 electricity vote mis-remembered Alberta History Proportional representation Jul 4


BC referendum question too sticky. Loosen up!" History Current Events Proportional representation Jul 3


Electoral reform question for Edmonton voters Current Events Alberta Edmonton Affairs History Proportional representation Jul 3


Alberta versus Ontario - their histories compared Alberta History Proportional representation Jun 24


Patrons of Industry opposed extreme partyism History Proportional representation Jun 23


UFO and Pro-rep History Proportional representation in Ontario Jun 23


STV - how does it work so well? Proportional representation Jun 20


Manitoba's provincial STV experience - good but too short History Proportional representation Jun 18


1921: Canada's FPTP system elected Minority Government History Proportional representation Alberta Jun 17


STV advantages pushed in Ohio 1923 History Proportional representation Jun 17


Democracy requires proportional representation Proportional representation Jun 17


Minority UCP in line to wield power over the majority? Alberta Proportional representation Current Events Jun 10


1884 Pro-rep answers "What is it we want? Proportional representation Alberta Jun 9


Aberhart's "funny money" Alberta History Proportional representation May 18


Workers voting for workers Proportional representation Alberta History Apr 24


Block Voting - a bad idea Alberta History Proportional representation Apr 24


Sandford Fleming, Essays on Rectification of Parliament (1893) History Proportional representation Apr 24


Two nifty voting reforms! Proportional representation Apr 23


Edmonton's STV experience, 1923-1927 Alberta History Proportional representation Apr 23


Socialist MLA applauded vote to renters 1910 Alberta History Proportional representation Apr 23


Farmer movement faltered in 1890s but never died History Proportional representation Apr 23


Alberta's False Majority governments History Alberta Proportional representation Mar 18


Multi-member districts prime for STV Proportional representation Mar 6


Ranked ballots versus party-list pro-rep Proportional representation Mar 4

- ranked ballots = Preferential Voting = Alternative Voting/STV


Winnipeg labour man called for active citizenry after General Strike Proportional representation History Feb 21


STV makes for stability Proportional representation Alberta History Current Events Feb 21


The “Double Democracy” system STV and party-level AV Proportional representation Feb 14


FPTP punished NDP in 2019 federal election Proportional representation Current Events Feb 14


Small change = big diff in 2019 federal election Proportional representation History Feb 14

[A shift of only a fraction of a percentage of votes would have given us a minority Conservative Government.]


MPs elected by minority, meh History Proportional representation

[2019 federal election saw many MPs elected with only minority of votes in their districts.] Feb 5


UFA promised STV, preferential ballots Alberta History Proportional representation

[July 1921 - UFA promised electoral reform. 1924 - it delivered on that promise!] Feb 5

When AB MLAs were elected by Pro-rep Proportional representation Alberta History Feb 5

[same as below? When AB MLAs not elected through FPTP]


2019 election –– unfair and almost random

Proportional representation History

Feb

What do we want in our government? Proportional representation Feb 5

U.S. minorities still under-represented under new system Current Events History Proportional representation Jan 24

If the 2019 federal election had used STV in large cities Proportional representation History Alberta Jan 24

scheme of making whole cities into multi-member districts where MPs elected through STV:

Edmonton

Calgary

Regina

Saskatoon

expected results compared to actual elections of Edmonton and Calgary MLAs through STV

Don't blame STV for more parties History Alberta Proportional representation Jan 15


When AB MLAs not elected through FPTP

Proportional representation History

Jan 15

1912 -- Canadian envisioned fairness STV brings History Proportional representation Jan 10

Change Edmonton elections today! STV and at-large elections now! Edmonton Affairs Current Events Proportional representation Jan 10 2020

Tax those most able to pay Current Events Proportional representation Dec 13, 2019

Norway versus Alberta Alberta Proportional representation Dec 10, 2019

A rational face on Wexit Alberta Proportional representation Current Events Nov 27, 2019


A Proportional Analysis of the 2019 Federal Election

Alberta Proportional representation Current Events

Nov 4, 2019

2019 Federal Election -- A poor experience in responsible government History Current Events Proportional representation Nov 4, 2019


Canada's minority governments

History Proportional representation Current Events

Oct 18, 2019

(Canada has had many minority governments in the last hundred or so years.

After an election, the party with the most seats forms government.

It will only be sustained in power as long as it has the support of a majority (more than half) of the Members of Parliament (MPs) in the House. The support of the Senate is required to pass laws in Canada but it has no effect on the survival of an elected government.

if no party has a majority of the MPs in the House of Commons, ...)


Alberta used Pro-Rep for 30 years ... Let's do it again!

Proportional representation History

Oct 16, 2019


"STV: Alberta's Past - and Future?"

Proportional representation

Oct 15, 2019


"To PM Justin Trudeau, A Plea for STV in federal elections" (Oct 15, 2019)

Proportional representation Current Events


BC STV (Oct 14, 2019)

Proportional representation


Alberta not so conservative (Oct 13, 2019)

Proportional representation History Alberta


seeking a majority...(Nov 21, 2019)

("I was recently asked about which electoral mechanism I would recommend with two posts empty and four candidates running, to ensure that the successful candidates have the support of a majority of the voters...)


On creating a perfect or better society (Sep 27, 2019)

Edmonton Affairs Alberta Current Events


Trudeau mis-speaking

(He is saying that his government is giving pensioners better pay-outs.No he is only promising to do so. He has been in power for four years. Why did he not do what he is now promising during all that time he was in power? And how do we know he will do what he now promises to do if re-elected. He promised to give us electoral reform, and then broke his promise. At least he had the good grace to admit publicly two years ago that he would not fulfill his promise....)


The 1948 Edmonton vote proved STV works

Alberta History Proportional representation

[1948 election of Edmonton MLAs proved STV provides mixed roughly-proportional representation at district level.]

(Sep 11, 2019)


I've been published

(Check out next issue of the Mill Wood Mosaic produced by Arnim Joop, page 7 "Old Alberta elections may point way to future")

2019 Alberta election (Election analyzed visa vis Proportional representation)

(Sep 2, 2019)


NDP's 2015 win - an overdue debt finally paid (Jul 19, 2019)

(NDP was under-represented in every election since its founding in 1961 - until 2015.)


Alberta's STV overlooked but ready to return Updated: Sep 1, 2019

(RE: CBC article "What does the Caq’s promise of electoral reform hold for Anglophones?” by Kate McKenna, Oct. 4, 2018)


John Stuart Mill - Democracy, not earplugs June 2019

John Stuart Mill in 1884 wrote: “The pure idea of democracy, according to its definition, is the government of the whole people by the whole people, equally represented."


The Disproportionality of the 2018 Ontario Election

Proportional representation History

[Overall the 2018 Ontario Election disproportional to voters' support for parties. Many MPPs not have majority support in their districts]

June 22, 2019

[This was my earliest blog on electoral reform.]

=======================================

keyword: (See my blog "list of Montopedia blogs concerning electoral reform" to find other blogs on this important subject.)



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